Chapter 8, Verse 2
अधियज्ञः कथं कोऽत्र देहेऽस्मिन्मधुसूदन। प्रयाणकाले च कथं ज्ञेयोऽसि नियतात्मभिः।।8.2।।
adhiyajñaḥ kathaṃ ko'tra dehe'sminmadhusūdana। prayāṇakāle ca kathaṃ jñeyo'si niyatātmabhiḥ।।8.2।।
Word by word
- अधियज्ञः (adhiyajñaḥ)
- the lord of sacrifice / who is the adhiyajña
- कथम् (katham)
- how
- कः (kaḥ)
- who
- अत्र (atra)
- here, in this context
- देहे (dehe)
- in the body
- अस्मिन् (asmin)
- in this
- मधुसूदन (madhusūdana)
- O slayer of Madhu (epithet of Krishna)
- प्रयाणकाले (prayāṇa-kāle)
- at the time of departure (death)
- च (ca)
- and
- कथम् (katham)
- how
- ज्ञेयः (jñeyaḥ)
- to be known
- असि (asi)
- You are
- नियतात्मभिः (niyata-ātmabhiḥ)
- by those of controlled mind/self-disciplined ones
Commentary
i — 2. What is that Brahman ? What about the Individual Self (Adhyatma)? What is action (Karma), O Purushottama ? And what is declared to be the physical region (Adhibhuta) ? And what is the divine region (Adhidaiva) said to be ? And how and who is Adhiyajna (the Entity concerned with Sacrifice) here in this body, O Madhusudana, and how at the time of death art Thou to be known by the self-controlled ?
Source: Alladi Mahadeva Sastri, The Bhagavad-Gita with the Commentary of Sri Shankaracharya (1897), public domain (verses 1-2 discussed as one combined teaching in the source)
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